Gas-burner



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. BARKER, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 552,345, dated December31, 1895.

Application filed August 5, 1895.

To all whom, it incty concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN F. BARKER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inGas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of burners used in the industrialarts where a small, pointed heating-flame is required, as in brazing,soldering, glassworking, dzc. and the obj ect of my improvements is toprovide a burner of this class in which the so-called gasoline gas maybe utilized for such purposes. It has not been practicable to use thisgas with the burners heretofore employed and produce the hot,fine-pointed flame required, since owing to the great percentage ofcarbon contained in it it forms a flame which is so blunt-ended and sofar cooled by the air-blast and by the surrounding atmosphere as to beundesirable, and which, moreover, is easily blown off the burner-tip bythe air-blast. In order to obviate these difficulties I have constructeda burner in which the tip of the air-blast pipe, which is located withinthe gas-outlet pipe of the burner, is placed so far back from theorifice of the burner-tip that there is space for the gas to burn withinthe burner and around the tip of the air-pipe, but not so far as topermit the air-blast to become dissipated within the burner and followthe sides of the burner to the orifice instead of remaining central tothe flame. The orifice at the tip of the burner is made so large thatthe gas-flame, when the gas is ignited on the outside of the burner, canpass back through the orifice and ignite the gas. In order that the richhydrocarbon gas may be so diluted as to enable it to be lighted withinthe burner-tube, I provide an adjustable by-pass between the gas and airpipes leading to the burner, whereby any desired proportion of air maybe mixed with the gas before it reaches the point of combustion and itsquality thus reduced to the extent required.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawing, which Serial No. 558,321. (No model.)

shows a View in section of a burner made in accordance therewith.

Referring to the drawing, A indicates a gaspipe leading to the retortgas-burner B.

O is an air-pipe which passes through the wall of the burner B andterminates in the tip 0, located on the center line of and within theburner 13, and provided with a small orifice, from which, when theburner is in operation, issues a needle-like jet of air. The tip 0 ofthe air-pipe O is placed at such a distance back from the orifice b ofthe burner B as to permit the gas to burn within the burner between thetip 0 and the orifice b and around the tip 0. It must, however, not bewithdrawn too far from the orifice b, as it would be if it were placed,for example, at the base of the burner, since in this case the air-jetwould become, to some extent, dissipated and mixed with the gas beforepassing out of the orifice b, and the sharp-pointed flame desired couldnot be obtained. In practice I find a distance of about one inch betweenthe orifice b and the tip 0 the most desirable.

If desired, the upper part of the burner B may be made to slide upon thelower part, so

that the distance between the orifice b and the tip 0 may be properlyadjusted as required. The sides of the burner B are made tight, so as toprevent the ingress of any atmospheric air, whereby the flame would becooled, and the sides of the burner-orifice b are sloped inwardly, sothat while there is sufficient space within the. burner for the propercombustion of the gas the flame will be reduced in size as it passes outof the burners and the air-jet kept central with the flame.

The gas-pipe A and the air-pipe C are connected by a by-pass D, in whichis a valve or cook d, by means of which any required proportion of airmay be allowed to pass from the pipe 0 into the pipe A, the air beingalways under a somewhat higher pressure than the gas.

In using the burner, gas and air are turned on through the pipes Aand O,and the gas is ignited at the orifice b of the burner B. lVhile the gasretains its normal richness the gas will burn at the orifice Z) as atthe tip of an ordinary burner, and the air-jet from the tip 0 passingthrough it will produce only a blunt point on the flame. The flame alsounder these conditions is not sufficiently hot, being cooled by theatmosphere on all sides, as well as by the air-jet passing through it,and is easily blown off its seat by the air-jet. The by-pass D is thenopened and a proportion of air from the pipe 0 is mixed with the gas inthe pipe A. As the gas approachesthe explosive point, the flame willcatch within the burner 13, and the gas burns within the burner betweenthe orifice Z) and the tip 0 and around the tip 0. The gas-flame beingeonfined by the heated walls of the burner and out of contact with theatmosphere is kept hot and is not unduly cooled by the passage throughit of the air-jet from the tip 0, which supplies sufficient oxygen forperfect combustion and carries the flame forward through the orifice Z)to a long sharp point.

By means of my invention I enable a rich hydrocarbon gas to be used withhand-blast burners in those arts where a hot, fine-pointed flame isrequired, a result which has never before been accomplished and theimportance of which will be readily apparent to those skilled in theart.

hat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination with a hand blast gas burner having closed walls andprovided with an orifice having inwardly inclined sides and suflicientlylarge to permit the ignition of within the burner therethrough, of a gaspipe leading to such burner, an air pipe terminating within said burnerand having its tip so far withdrawn from said burner orifice as topermit the gas to burn within said burner between said orifiee and saidtip, a by-pass between said gas and air pipes and a valve in saidby-pass, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this th day ofJuly, A. l). 1895.

JOHN I BARKER.

\Vitnesses:

A. J. SCHAEFFLER, C. B. ELMER.

